本篇代寫-COX抑制劑講了布洛芬類藥物可作爲COX抑制劑來減輕疼痛。它們主要是氧化機制。它們基本上抑制了COX酶在花生四烯生物合成途徑中對前列腺素的作用(Higgins et al.， 2001)。COX抑制劑也會與胃壁發生相互作用，從而引起生理化學變化(Brooks, 1998)。COX抑制劑能夠阻斷這些COX酶的功能(Nussmeier et al 2005)。正因爲如此，人們發現它們能減輕特定區域的疼痛或炎症。本篇代寫文章由新西蘭第一論文 Assignment First輔導網整理，供大家參考閱讀。
Overall mechanism of action
Ibuprofen drugs function as COX inhibitors to reduce pain. They are primarily oxidative mechanism. They essentially curb the function of the COX enzymes in the Arachidonic biosynthesis pathways to Prostaglandin (Higgins et al., 2001). COX inhibitors also interact with the stomach wall lining in order to react and cause physiochemical changes (Brooks, 1998). COX inhibitors have the ability to block the function of these COX enzymes (Nussmeier et al 2005). Owing to this, it has been found that they reduce the pain or inflammation in a particular area. They are found to react with different organs and systems. They are found to stimulate the synthesis of GI mucus in the stomach (Bushr and Aslam 2010). They react with kidney and maintain renal flow. They are found to enhance platelet aggregation and are found to effective anti coagulant. All NSAID drugs that are available in the market are classified into three categories based on the mechanism and structure of the individual drug (Canto et al 2009). Ibuprofen is given as racemic mixture of R and S enantiomers. It is usually administered via oral administration.
The figure below shows the overall mechanism of action of the ibuprofen drugs.
Figure (Pharm GKB Organization 2016)
The figure above shows that the IBU constrains the actions of the cyclooxygenase enzymes COX1 and COX2 that has been coded for PTGS1 and PTGS2. This action prevents the function of the prostaglandin (Ulrich et al 2004). This prevents pain. The antipyretic or treatment of fever conditions of the ibuprofen is because of its reaction with the hypothalamus of the brain.
Exact mechanism of action of ibuprofen is not fully known. It has been observed that within the racemic mixture of R and S enantiomers (Dwivedi, Sattari, Jamali, and Mitchell, 1992), the S enantiomers are found to have more functions and more utility than the R enantiomers. In vivo, the R enantiomers are found to convert into the S enantiomers. S enantiomers are found to more active and useful in inhibition of the Arachidonic biosynthesis (Mitchell, 1998).
From observational analysis, it has been found that traces of 1-hydroxyibuprofen and 3-hydroxyibuprofen have been found in urine. Owing to this, it is understood that the excretion of the product is via urine.
Adverse side effects of ibuprofen are because of its reaction with the Cox 1 enzymes. These affect the stomach wall lining of the prostaglandins. Owing to this, it causes ulceration conditions in some cases.
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