A second structural contradiction relates to the creation of ‘organisational power structures’ not subject to the market. Thus decommodified sectors of the economy ‘tend to absorb an ever greater proportion of the overall quantity of labour power and social product’. A third contradiction is that state intervention undermines the ideology of ‘possessive individualism’, since social outcomes come to be seen not as the result of the individual management of one’s property and resources, but as the result of political measures. The impact of the welfare state on the workings of the labour market is particularly important, since it ‘amounts to a partial disincentive to work’ (Offe,1984, p. 197). Not only are wages ‘sticky’ and ‘downwardly inflexible’, but the ‘provisions of the welfare state have partly “decommodified” the interests of workers, replacing “contract” with “status”, and “property rights” with “citizen rights” ’. Thus ‘the central problem on the labour market is the supply problem: how to hire and fire the right people at the right place with the right skills and, most important, the right motivation and the right wage demand’. Thus decommodification has been conceived of as a process that entails exemption from pure market forces. Labour power may be at least partly decommodified as a result of access to benefits paid by the state, which substitute for wages, and by access to services provided directly by the state, which would otherwise have to be purchased by individuals. The latter part of this article applies this concept to the labour market policies of the New Labour government. Despite Esping-Andersen’s characterisation of the British social security system as essentially liberal, it has nevertheless displayed significant levels of decommodification in the post-war period.
第二结构矛盾涉及“不受市场组织权力结构的建立。因此decommodified的经济部门往往承受越来越大的劳动力和社会产品的总数量的比例。三分之一个矛盾是国家干预破坏了意识形态的“占有性个人主义”，因为社会的结果可以看到不一样的一个人的财产和资源的个人管理的结果，但作为政治措施的结果。福利国家的劳动力市场的运作的影响是特别重要的，因为它的工作部分的抑制作用”（报价，1984，p. 197）。不仅工资’粘’和’向下死板，但福利国家的“规定”decommodified部分工人的利益，”取代“契约”与“身份”，和“财产权”和“公民权利”。因此，在劳动力市场的核心问题是供应的问题：如何雇佣和解雇权人的权利能力的合适的地方，最重要的是，正确的动机和正确的工资要求”。因此，商品化已被设想为一个过程，需要从单纯的市场力量的豁免。劳动力可能至少部分decommodified由于获得由国家支付的好处，这些替代的工资，并获得由国家直接提供服务，否则必须由个人购买。本文的后半部分运用这个概念的新工党政府的劳动力市场政策。尽管艾斯平-安徒生的表征的英国社会保障制度本质上是自由的，但也显示显着水平的商品化在战后时期。
