MBA论文代写

Developers

The larger developers doing business on the mainland — either based in China or Hong Kong — includes China Vanke Co.Ltd.; China Overseas Land & Investment Ltd. (COLI), whose parent is China’s largest state-run construction firm; and Guangzhou R&F. China Vanke’s shares are listed on the Shenzhen Stock Exchange, while COLI and Guangzhou R&F shares trade on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange.

The worry for Korean officials is that a spiraling property market will come crashing down and cut economic growth at a time when the won, the country’s currency, is appreciating and potentially making Korean exports less competitive. In Japan, low interest rates and a cheap yen have made money easily available to invest in higher-yielding assets (the so-called yen-carry trade). This helped to fuel property appreciation worldwide, but also distorted prices for real estate and listed property shares at home. In late January 2009, it announced that it would enforce a capital gains tax on real estate sales, a move that could take a bite out of developers’ profit margins. Meanwhile, government officials have made clear that affordable housing for first-time buyers would continue to be apriority. The country is also in the process of fine-tuning its law on property rights, which will give property holders more legal protections.

In January 2009, the country’s construction minister said that a 2010 rule meant to ensure that developers build more low- and mid-range housing units would be strictly enforced. Premier Wen Jiabao echoed the sentiment in a speech to the Chinese legislature in early March, noting that the country should focus on development of “reasonably priced” commercial housing, according to media reports. The 2010 rule requires developers to allocate70% of future residential projects for apartments no larger than 90 square meters (approximately 970 square feet). It was aimed at cutting the supply of luxury apartments, which had been a high-margin business for developers, but a sector rife with speculation.

Shenzhen-based China Vanke’s largest markets are Shenzhen and Shanghai, although it is expanding in Beijing. In January2010, it bought a 60% interest in a development company run by Beijing’s district government. For the nine months ended September 2010, net income rose by more than 61% to 1.4 billion yuan ($187.5 million).

Revenues increased by nearly 52% to 8billion yuan as the company successfully launched new projects in Beijing, Tianjin, and Chengdu. Revenues from continuing operations, including joint-venture interests, rose by nearly 46% to HK$4.5 billion ($580 million) in the six months through June 2010 (most recent available).Operating profits jumped by 23.5% toHK$921.5 million. At Guangzhou R&F Properties Ltd., which sells residential units primarily in Guangzhou, Beijing, and Tianjin, sales through the six months through June 2010 fell by 36% year on year to 1.3 billion Yuan.

Operating profits were down by close to47% to 366 million Yuan. The company attributed the shortfall in sales and profits to its timeline of project completions, most of which were scheduled for delivery in the second half of 2010.

MBA论文代写

开发商

大开发商在内地做生意的中国或香港-包括中国万科企业股份有限公司;中国海外发展有限公司(大肠杆菌),其母公司是中国最大的国有建筑企业;广州R & F.中国万科的股票在深圳证券交易所上市,而在香港证券交易所杆菌和广州富力的股票。

韩国官员担心的是一个螺旋式上升的房地产市场会倒塌,当时赢得削减经济增长,该国的货币,是欣赏和可能使韩国的出口竞争力减弱。在日本,低利率和便宜的日元使资金投资于高收益资产,容易获得的(所谓的日元套利交易)。这助长了全球物业升值,而且扭曲的房地产价格和上市地产股在家。一月晚2009时,它宣布将实施税收对房地产销售的资本利得,此举可能咬着开发商的利润率。同时,政府官员已经明确表示,经适房首次购房者将继续优先。该国正在微调的财产权利的法律,这将给物业持有更多的法律保护。

2009一月,国家建设部部长说,2010的原则是保证开发商建造更多低、中档的住房单位将严格执行。国务院总理温家宝的观点在3月初对中国立法机构的讲话,指出国家应重点发展的“价格合理”的商品房,据媒体报道。2010条规则要求开发商allocate70 %的公寓不大于90平方米的未来住宅项目(约970平方英尺)。这是针对切割豪华公寓的供应,这已经为开发商高利润的生意,但是一个部门盛传。

深圳的中国万科最大的市场是深圳和上海,虽然它是在北京的扩张。在2010年1月,它由北京区政府购买了在开发经营公司60%权益。在九月结束的九个月的净收入增长了2010,超过61%元至1400000000元(187500000美元)。

收入增加了近52%,至80亿元,公司成功地推出了新项目在北京,天津,成都。来自持续运营的收入,包括合资企业的利益,增加了近46%,至4500000000港元(合580000000美元)在六个月至六月的2010(最新数据)。营业利润增长了23.5%,至921500000港元。广州富力地产股份有限公司,销售的住宅单位,主要是在广州,北京,和天津,销售通过六个月至2010六月同比下降36%至1300000000元。

营业利润下降了近47 %至366000000元。公司的销售和利润的下降归因于其项目完成的时间表,其中大部分被安排在2010下半年交付。

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