新西兰代写essay
i. The bargaining power of customers:
The main impact of customers in a market is manifested in their ability to negotiate. Their influence on the price and terms of sale (terms of payment related services) determines the profitability of the market. The level of concentration of customers gives them more or less power, few clients facing producers have many more opportunities for negotiation (eg the mass distribution) (R. F. Lusch and V. N. Lusch, 1987). The power of customers is even greater when the products are standardized or when there are substitutes readily available (cost of switching low).
The power of customers is stronger in case of Next as:
• they are concentrated
• suppliers are numerous and scattered
• there are alternative sources of supply
• transfer the cost (cost to be borne by their customers to switch suppliers) is low and predictable
• there is a threat of backward integration by the customer
ii. The bargaining power of suppliers:
The ability of suppliers to impose conditions on a market (in terms of cost and quality) has a direct impact and is inversely proportional to the clients (Fahey and Narayman, 1986). A small number of suppliers, a strong brand, highly differentiated products are all factors that increase the cost of switching suppliers in case of Next Clothing and therefore give the power to them.
In case of Next, power of suppliers is high as:
• they are concentrated
• competitors (customers) are numerous and scattered
• the cost of transfer (cost borne by a customer to change supplier) is very high
• there is a threat to downstream integration by suppliers
新西兰代写essay
一、客户的议价能力：
在一个市场的客户的影响主要表现在他们的谈判能力。他们在销售价格和条款的影响（支付相关的服务条款）决定市场的盈利能力。客户的浓度水平给他们更多或更少的功率，一些客户面临的生产商谈判的很多机会（如质量分布）（R。Lusch和v. Lusch，1987）。客户的力量更大，产品标准化或有替代品一应俱全（转换成本低）。
客户的实力较强的情况下，下：
•它们集中
•供应商众多，散
•有替代供应来源
•转移成本（由客户承担更换供应商成本）是低的和可预测的
•有客户的后向一体化的威胁
Ⅱ。供应商讨价还价的能力：
供应商对市场施加条件的能力（在成本和质量方面）有直接的影响，对客户端是成反比（费伊和narayman，1986）。少数供应商，一个强大的品牌，高度差异化的产品是所有因素增加的情况下切换下服装供应商的成本，因此给他们的权力。
在的情况下，供应商的权力是高：
•它们集中
•竞争者（客户）是众多分散的
•转移成本（费用由客户承担改变供应商）是非常高的
•有供应商，下游一体化的威胁
