新西兰艺术史论文代写：PCAST文件的目标摘要
该文件由总统的科学和技术顾问委员会提交，是一份经过充分研究的刑事法庭法医科学汇编，具体来说是为了确保特征比较方法的科学有效性。它首先研究DNA证据是如何由于缺乏有意义的科学审查和对该方法的“过度依赖”而导致几起误判的，而DNA证据曾被认为是绝对可靠的(PCAST 25)。为确保司法机构与国家科学技术理事会之间的无缝合作，2013年成立了国家法医科学委员会(PCAST 34)。近距离观察特征比较方法，检验DNA、毛发、咬痕、子弹、轮胎痕迹、声纹、指纹等法医证据如何用于客观和主观分析，以建立有效的案件(PCAST 41)。
新西兰艺术史论文代写 ：PCAST文件的目标摘要
法医检验人员必须证明所述方法的可靠性百分比，以及关于随机匹配的概率和经验证据以外的影响的断言，这对于定罪或无罪判决的发生是至关重要的。进一步，对法医科学中的7种主要特征比对方法进行了深入的个体分析(PCAST 67-122)。对于这些问题，PCAST首先概述了方法和背景研究，然后是科学有效性和可靠性的研究，最后的结论和未来的道路。基于这些方法的研究结果，NIST、OSTP、FBI实验室、总检察长和司法部(PCAST 124-145)都收到了一系列的建议。
新西兰艺术史论文代写 ：PCAST文件的目标摘要
Presented by the President’s Council of Advisors on Science and Technology, the document is a well-researched compilation Forensic Science in Criminal Courts, and specifically goes on to ensure the scientific validity of feature-comparison methods. It begins by studying how DNA evidence, which was once considered infallible, has led to several wrongful convictions owing to the lack of meaningful scientific scrutiny and ‘over-dependence’ on the method (PCAST 25). To ensure seamless collaboration between the Judiciary and the National Science and Technology Council, the National Commission on Forensic Science was established in 2013 (PCAST 34). A closer look at Feature Comparison Methods examines how forensic evidence such as DNA, hair, bite marks, bullets, tire tracks, voice prints, fingerprints, etc. are used for objective and subjective analysis to establish a valid case (PCAST 41).
新西兰艺术史论文代写 ：PCAST文件的目标摘要
The importance for a forensic examiner to demonstrate the percentage of reliability of the method in question, along with assertions about the probability of random matches and implications beyond empirical evidence, is a must for a conviction or acquittal to happen. Going a step further, the seven main feature-comparison methods in forensic science are analyzed individually in great depth (PCAST 67-122). For each of these, the PCAST has first outlined the methodology and background studies, followed by the study of scientific validity and reliability, the eventual conclusion and path ahead. Based on the findings from the enlisted methods, a series of recommendations have been put out to the NIST, OSTP, FBI Laboratory, Attorney General and the Judiciary (PCAST 124-145).
